Pheochromocytoma: add this one to your differential for orthostatic hypotention

Huh?  Yeah, that's what I said to myself initially too but there's a case presentation of a pheo presenting with orthostatic hypotention in this week's New England Journal of Medicine.  This supposedly occurs because the pheo causes down-regulation of the receptors in the sympathoadrenal system which is responsible for maintaining cerebral perfusion in the upright posture.  Makes sense I suppose.

Causes of orthostatic hypotention:
  • volume depletion
  • autonomic neuropathy (parkinsonism, diabetic neuropathy)
  • pharmacologic blockade of receptors used by the sympathoadrenal system 
  • down-regulation of these same receptors because of chronic exposure (pheochromocytoma)

Source

Samuels, M. et al.  "Case 14-2010: A 54-Year-Old Woman with Dizziness and Falls"  N Engl J Med 2010.